Matching
|
|
|
Hypodermis a. | Fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages | b. | Loose connective
tissue |
|
|
|
1.
|
The type of tissue found in the hypodermis.
|
|
|
2.
|
The main types of cells within the hypodermis.
|
|
|
Skin
|
|
|
3.
|
Connective tissue
|
|
|
4.
|
Layer of epithelial tissue.
|
|
|
5.
|
Most superficial layer of the skin.
|
|
|
Dermis a. | Cleavage lines | d. | Reticular layer | b. | Papillae | e. | Striae | c. | Papillary
layer |
|
|
|
6.
|
Deep layer of dermis; dense, irregular connective tissue that blends into the
hypodermis.
|
|
|
7.
|
Lines visible through the epidermis produced by rupture of the dermis.
|
|
|
8.
|
Projections from the dermis toward the epidermis.
|
|
|
Epidermis
Part A a. | Desquamate | d. | Langerhans
cells | b. | Keratinization | e. | Melanocytes | c. | Keratinocytes | f. | Strata |
|
|
|
9.
|
Cells tha produce a protein called keratin; the most abundant epidermal
cell.
|
|
|
10.
|
Cells in the epidermis that are part of the immune system.
|
|
|
11.
|
To slough or be lost from the surface of the epidermis.
|
|
|
12.
|
A process that occurs in epidermal cells during their movement from deeper
epidermal layers to the surface.
|
|
|
13.
|
Layers of cells within the epidermis.
|
|
|
Epidermis
Part B a. | Keratohyalin | e. | Stratum
germinativum | b. | Lamellar bodies | f. | Stratum granulosum | c. | Stratum basale | g. | Stratum lucidum | d. | Stratum
corneum | h. | Stratum
spinosum |
|
|
|
14.
|
Deepest portion of the epidermis; a single layer of cells; the site of
production of most epidermal cells.
|
|
|
15.
|
Epidermal layer superficial to the stratum basale, consisting of eight to ten
layers of many-sided cells.
|
|
|
16.
|
Name for the stratum of the epidermis that includes both the stratum basale and
the spinosum.
|
|
|
17.
|
Derives its name from protein granules contained in the cells and is
superficial to the stratum spinosum.
|
|
|
18.
|
Nonmembrane-bound protein granules found in the cells of the stratum
granulosum.
|
|
|
19.
|
Structures that move to the cell membrane and release their lipid contents into
the intercellular space; the lipids are responsible for the permeability characteristics of the
epidermis.
|
|
|
20.
|
Clear, thin zone above the stratum granulosum; absent in most skin.
|
|
|
21.
|
Most superficial stratum of the epidermis; dead cells with hard protein
envelope and filled with keratin, which provides structural strength.
|
|
|
Thick Skin and Thin
Skin a. | Callus | c. | Thick skin | b. | Corn | d. | Thin
skin |
|
|
|
22.
|
The papillae of the dermis of this type of skin compose curving ridges that
produce fingerprints and footprints.
|
|
|
23.
|
In this type skin the stratum lucidum is usually absent; hair is found in this
type of skin.
|
|
|
24.
|
Thickened area of thin or thick skin resulting from greatly increased number of
layers of stratum corneum.
|
|
|
25.
|
Cone-shaped structure that develops in thin or thick skin over a bony
prominence.
|
|
|
Skin Color a. | Albinism | e. | Melanin | b. | Carotene | f. | Melanosomes | c. | Cyanosis | g. | Ultraviolet light | d. | Melanocytes |
|
|
|
26.
|
_____, a brown to black pigment, is responsible for most skin color.
|
|
|
27.
|
It is produced by _____, irregularly shaped cells with many long processes that
extend between the keratinocytes of the stratum basale and the stratum spinosum.
|
|
|
28.
|
Melanin is packaged into vesicles called _____, which are released from the
cell processes by exocytosis.
|
|
|
29.
|
A single mutation can prevent the manufacture of melanin, resulting in
_____.
|
|
|
30.
|
Exposure to _____ increases melanin production.
|
|
|
31.
|
_____ is a yellow pigment found in plants such as carrots. When large amounts
of this pigment are consumed, the excess accumulates in the stratum corneum and fat cells of the
dermis and hypodermis, causing the skin to develop a yellowish tint.
|
|
|
32.
|
A decrease in blood oxygen content produces _____, a bluish skin color, whereas
an abundant supply of oxygenated blood produces a reddish hue.
|
|
|
Epidermis
Part C
 a. | Dermis | e. | Stratum germinativum | b. | Epidermis | f. | Stratum granulosum | c. | Stratum
basale | g. | Stratum
lucidum | d. | Stratum corneum | h. | Stratum spinosum |
|
|
|
33.
|
1; see picture
|
|
|
34.
|
2
|
|
|
35.
|
3
|
|
|
36.
|
4
|
|
|
37.
|
5
|
|
|
38.
|
6
|
|
|
39.
|
7
|
|
|
40.
|
8
|
|
|
Hair
Part A a. | Lanugo | c. | Vellus hairs | b. | Terminal
hairs |
|
|
|
41.
|
Delicate unpigmented hair that covers the fetus.
|
|
|
42.
|
Long, course, pigmented hair that replace lanugo on the scalp, eyebrows,
and eyelids.
|
|
|
43.
|
Short, fine, unpigmented hairs that replace lanugo over most of the
body.
|
|
|
44.
|
The type of hair that replaces vellus hairs at puberty.
|
|
|
Hair
Part B a. | Cortex | d. | Medulla | b. | Cuticle | e. | Root | c. | Hair bulb | f. | Shaft |
|
|
|
45.
|
Portion of hair protruding above the surface of the skin.
|
|
|
46.
|
An expanded knob at the base of the hair root.
|
|
|
47.
|
Central axis of the hair that consists of two or three layers of cells
containing soft keratin.
|
|
|
48.
|
Forms the bulk of the hair and consists of cells containing hard
keratin.
|
|
|
49.
|
Outermost layer of the hair shaft and root, composed of a single overlapping
layer of cells containing hard keratin.
|
|
|
Hair
Part C a. | Arrector pili | c. | Epithelial root
sheath | b. | Dermal root sheath | d. | Matrix |
|
|
|
50.
|
Surrounds the epithelial root sheath.
|
|
|
51.
|
Layers of epithelial cells immediately surrounding the root of the
hair.
|
|
|
52.
|
Mass of undiffentiated epithelial cells inside the hair bulb that produces the
hair and internal epithelial root sheath
|
|
|
53.
|
Smooth muscle cells that attach to the hair follicle dermal root sheath and the
papillary layer of the dermis; cause hair to “stand on end.”
|
|
|
Hair
Part D
 a. | Cortex | h. | Hair
follicle | b. | Cuticle | i. | Hair root | c. | Dermal papilla | j. | Hair shaft | d. | Dermal root
sheath | k. | Internal epithelial
root sheath | e. | External epithelial root sheath | l. | Matrix | f. | Hair | m. | Medulla | g. | Hair bulb |
|
|
|
54.
|
1; see picture
|
|
|
55.
|
2
|
|
|
56.
|
3
|
|
|
57.
|
4
|
|
|
58.
|
5
|
|
|
59.
|
6
|
|
|
60.
|
7
|
|
|
61.
|
8
|
|
|
62.
|
9
|
|
|
63.
|
10
|
|
|
64.
|
11
|
|
|
65.
|
12
|
|
|
66.
|
13
|
|
|
Glands
Part A a. | Apocrine sweat gland | d. | Sebaceous gland | b. | Ceruminous
gland | e. | Sebum | c. | Merocrine sweat
gland |
|
|
|
67.
|
White substance rich in lipids, which oils the hair and skin surface, prevents
drying, and protects against bacteria.
|
|
|
68.
|
Gland that opens into a hair follicle; produces sebum.
|
|
|
69.
|
Gland that opens to the surface of the skin and secretes an isotonic fluid that
is mostly water; involved with temperature regulation.
|
|
|
70.
|
Gland that usually opens into a hair follicle; secretes an organic substance
that is metabolized by bacteria to produce body odor.
|
|
|
Glands
Part B
 a. | Apocrine sweat gland | c. | Sebaceous
gland | b. | Merocrine sweat gland |
|
|
|
71.
|
1; see picture
|
|
|
72.
|
2
|
|
|
73.
|
3
|
|
|
Functions of the Integumentary
System a. | Excretion | d. | Temperature
regulation | b. | Protection | e. | Vitamin D production | c. | Sensation |
|
|
|
74.
|
Accomplished by the skin as a physical barrier, as a permeability barrier, as a
barrier against ultraviolet light, and as a barrier against abrasion.
|
|
|
75.
|
Carried out producing sweat and increasing or decreasing blood vessel
diameter.
|
|
|
76.
|
Begins when a precursor molecule in the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light
and is converted to cholecalciferol.
|
|
|
77.
|
Detection of touch, temperature, and pain.
|
|
|
78.
|
Occurs to a very slight degree with sweat production when some urea, uric acid,
and ammonia are lost.
|
|
|
Nails
Part A a. | Eponychium | f. | Nail fold | b. | Hyponychium | g. | Nail groove | c. | Lunula | h. | Nail matrix | d. | Nail
bed | i. | Nail
root | e. | Nail body |
|
|
|
79.
|
Proximal portion of the nail that is covered by skin.
|
|
|
80.
|
Portion of the skin that covers the lateral and proximal edges of the
nail.
|
|
|
81.
|
Holds the edges of the nail in place.
|
|
|
82.
|
Cuticle; the stratum corneum of the nail fold that grows onto the nail
body.
|
|
|
83.
|
Nail root and nail body attach to this structure.
|
|
|
84.
|
Proximal portion of the nail bed; produces most of the nail.
|
|
|
85.
|
Whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail; part of the nail
matrix.
|
|
|
Nails
Part B
 a. | Eponychium (cuticle) | e. | Nail
body | b. | Hyponychium | f. | Nail matrix | c. | Lanula | g. | Nail root | d. | Nail
bed |
|
|
|
86.
|
1; see picture
|
|
|
87.
|
2
|
|
|
88.
|
3
|
|
|
89.
|
4
|
|
|
90.
|
5
|
|
|
91.
|
6
|
|
|
92.
|
7
|
|
|
93.
|
8
|
|
|
94.
|
9
|
|
|
95.
|
10
|
|
|
The Effects of Aging on the Integumentary
System a. | Decrease(s) | b. | Increases(s) |
|
|
|
96.
|
As the body ages, blood flow to the skin _____,
|
|
|
97.
|
and the thickness of the skin _____.
|
|
|
98.
|
Elastic fibers in the dermis _____, and the skin tends to sag.
|
|
|
99.
|
A _____ in the activity of sebaceous and sweat glands results in dry
skin
|
|
|
100.
|
and a _____ in thermoregulatory ability.
|
|
|
101.
|
The _____ in ability to sweat can contribute to death from heat prostration in
elderly individuals.
|
|
|
102.
|
The number of functioning melanocytes _____, but in some localized
areas,
|
|
|
103.
|
especially the hands and face, melanocytes _____ to produce age spots.
|
|
|
104.
|
White or gray hairs occur because of a _____ in melanin production.
|
|
|
Integumentary
Disorders
Part A a. | Acne | c. | Ringworm and athlete’s foot | b. | Decubitus
ulcers | d. | Warts |
|
|
|
105.
|
Disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands that involves testosterone
and bacteria.
|
|
|
106.
|
Viral infection of the epidermis.
|
|
|
107.
|
Fungal infections that affect the keratinized portion of the skin.
|
|
|
108.
|
Disorder caused by ischemia and necrosis of the hypodermis.
|
|
|
Integumentary
Disorders
Part B a. | Basal cell carcinoma | c. | Squamous cell
carcinoma | b. | Malignant melanoma |
|
|
|
109.
|
Cancer that begins in the stratum basale and extends into the dermis to produce
an open ulcer; the most frequent type of skin cancer.
|
|
|
110.
|
Cancer that typically produces a nodular, keratinized tumor confined to the
epidermis.
|
|
|
111.
|
Less common form of skin cancer that usually arises from a preexisting mole;
the skin cancer that is most often fatal if not diagnosed and treated early.
|