Matching
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General Functional Characteristics of
Muscle a. | Cardiac muscle | e. | Extensibility | b. | Contractility | f. | Skeletal muscle | c. | Elasticity | g. | Smooth muscle | d. | Excitability |
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1.
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Ability to shorten forcefully.
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2.
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Ability to be stretched to normal resting length or even beyond.
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3.
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Ability to recooil to original resting length after being stretched.
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4.
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Comprises about 40% of the body; under voluntary control; responsible for
locomotion, facial expressions, posture, and other body movements.
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5.
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Found in the walls of hollow organs, the internal eye muscles, and the walls
blood vessels; under involuntary control and capable of spontaneous contractions; functions to
regulate urine and blood flow and movement and mixing of food.
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6.
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Found only in the heart; under involuntary control, capable of spontaneous
contractions; functions to pump blood throughout the circulatory system.
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Skeletal Muscle:
Structure
Part A a. | Muscle cells | d. | Nuclei | b. | Myoblasts | e. | Size | c. | Number | f. | Striated |
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7.
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Skeletal muscle fibers are skeletal _____.
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8.
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Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single cylindrical cell containing several
_____ located around the periphery of the fiber.
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9.
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Muscle fibers develop from less mature multinucleated cells called
_____.
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10.
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The _____ of skeletal muscle fibers remains relatively constant after
birth;
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11.
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therefore enlargement of muscles is caused by an increase in _____, not
number.
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12.
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As seen in longitudinal section, alternating light and dark bands give the
muscle fiber a _____ appearance.
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Skeletal Muscle:
Structure
Part B a. | Endomysium | d. | Perimysium | b. | Epimysium | e. | Sarcolemma | c. | External lamina |
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13.
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Delicate layer of reticular fibers surrounding muscle fiber’s cell
membrane.
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14.
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Muscle fiber cell membrane.
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15.
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Surrounds each muscle fiber outside the external lamina; consists of loose
connective tissue.
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16.
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Surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers (fasciculus).
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17.
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Surrounds groups of fasciculi (a whole muscle); consists of dense collagenous
connective tissue.
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18.
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Also called fascia.
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Skeletal Muscle:
Structure
Part C
 a. | Endomysium | d. | Muscle fibers
(cells) | b. | Epimysium (fascia) | e. | Perimysium | c. | Fasciculus (bundle) | f. | Sarcolemma |
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19.
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1; see picture
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20.
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2
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21.
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3
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22.
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4
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23.
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5
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24.
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6
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Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, and
Myofilaments Part A a. | Myofibril | d. | Sarcomere | b. | Myofilaments | e. | Sarcoplasm | c. | Sarcolemma |
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25.
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Cytoplasmic material of a muscle cell (without the myofibrils).
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26.
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Threadlike structure that extends from one end of a muscle fiber to the other;
consists of sarcomeres joined end-to-end.
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27.
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Two types of proteins, actin and myosin, that are organized into
sarcomeres.
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28.
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Highly ordered unit of actin and myosin myofilaments that extends from one Z
disk to another.
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Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, and
Myofilaments Part B a. | A band | e. | M
line | b. | Actin myofilaments | f. | Myosin myofilaments | c. | H zone | g. | Z disk | d. | I
band |
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29.
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Also called thin myofilaments.
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30.
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Filamentous network of protein forming a disklike structure to which actin
myofilamentsattach; the boundary of a sarcomere.
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31.
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Area that extends from either side of a Z disk to the ends of the myosin
myofilaments: the light band.
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32.
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Area extending the length of myosin myofilaments within a sarcomere; the light
band.
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33.
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Area of a sarcomere composed of only myosin myofilaments; no overlap of actin
and myosin myofilaments.
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34.
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Dark thin band in the middle of the H zone composed of delicate filaments that
attach to myosin myofilaments and hold them in place.
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Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, and
Myofilaments Part C a. | Cross-bridge | d. | Myosin
head | b. | F-actin | e. | Tropomyosin | c. | G-actin | f. | Troponin |
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35.
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Polymer with two strands coiled to form a double helix.
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36.
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Small globular units that combine to form a polymer of F-actin; each unit has
an active site to which myosin can bind.
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37.
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Elongated protein that covers active sites on the actin molecules.
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38.
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Composed of three subunits, each of which binds with either actin, tropomyosin,
or Ca2+ ions.
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39.
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Contains ATPase, an enzyme that splits ATP into ADP + P and releases
energy.
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40.
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Structure that is formed when myosin binds with actin.
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Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, and
Myofilaments Part D
 a. | A band | g. | Myosin head | b. | Actin | h. | Sarcomere | c. | F-actin
strand | i. | Tropomyosin | d. | H zone | j. | Troponin | e. | I
band | k. | Z
disk | f. | Myosin |
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41.
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1; see picture
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42.
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2
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43.
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3
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44.
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4
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45.
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5
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46.
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6
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47.
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7
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48.
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8
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49.
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9
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50.
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10
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51.
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11
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Muscle Fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, and
Myofilaments Part E a. | Sarcoplasmic
reticulum | c. | Terminal cisterna | b. | T tubules | d. | Triad |
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52.
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Tubelike invaginations of the sarcolemma that projects into the sarcoplasm and
wrap around sarcomeres near the ends of the A bands.
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53.
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Highly specialized, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the membrane of which
actively transports Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm into its lumen.
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54.
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Enlargement of the sarcoplasmic reticulum next to a T tubule.
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55.
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Grouping of a T tubule and its two adjacent terminal cisternae.
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Sliding Filament
Model a. | A bands | e. | I bands | b. | Actin
myofilaments | f. | M
line | c. | Gravity | g. | Sarcomere | d. | H zones |
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56.
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During contraction, cross-bridges form between the heads of the myosin
molecules and the actin molecules. Cross-bridges forcefully cause the _____ at each end of the
sarcomere to slide past the myosin myofilaments
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57.
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toward the _____.
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58.
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As a consequence, the _____
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59.
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and _____ become more narrow,
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60.
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but the _____ remain constant in length.
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61.
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As the actin myofilaments slide over the myosin myofilaments, the Z lines are
brought closer together, and the _____ is shortened.
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62.
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During relaxation, cross-bridges are released, and sarcomeres lengthen
passively from the force of an antagonistic muscle or _____.
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Neuromuscular
Junction a. | Acetylcholinesterase | e. | Presynaptic
terminal | b. | Motor neurons | f. | Synaptic cleft | c. | Neurotransmitter | g. | Synaptic vesicles | d. | Postsynaptic
terminal (motor end plate) | h. | Voltage-gated Ca2+ ion channels |
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63.
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Specialized nerve cells that propagate action potentials to skeletal muscle
fibers.
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64.
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Enlarged nerve terminal that rests in an invagination of the sarcolemma at the
neauromuscular junction.
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65.
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Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle fiber.
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66.
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Muscle cell membrane in the neuromuscular junction.
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67.
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Spherical sacs in presynaptic terminal; contain acetylcholine.
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68.
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Substance (such as acetylcholine) released from a presynaptic terminal),
diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and stimulates (or inhibits) an action potential in the
postsynaptic terminal.
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69.
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Open when action potential reaches presynaptic terminal; Ca2+ ions
enter cell and acteylcholine is released from vesicles.
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70.
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Enzyme that breaks acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline; prevents
accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.
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