AP Bio Ch. 11 Study Guide Interactive Study Questions
True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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Interactive Question 11.8 A
The basic mechanism for programmed cell
death evolved early in the evolution of eukaryotes.
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2.
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Interactive Question 11.8 B
Programmed cell death in humans is
important in the normal development of the nervous system, fingers, and toes; for normal functioning
of the immune system; and to prevent the development of cancerous cells (by the internal triggering
of apoptosis in cells with DNA damage).
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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3.
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Interactive Question 11.1
How do plant hormones travel between secreting
cells and target cells?
Which is not a way plant hormones travel?
a. | by traveling through vessels | b. | by traveling between cells via
plasmodesmata | c. | traveling through the air as a gas | d. | by traveling between cells through gap
junctions |
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Matching
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Interactive Question 11.3
Match the name to the labeled
picture. a. | phosphates | e. | cellular
responses | b. | activated relay proteins | f. | signaling molecules (ligands) | c. | alpha helix in the membrane | g. | 6 ATP --> 6 ADP | d. | tyrosines |
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4.
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Picture A
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5.
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Picture B
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6.
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Picture C
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7.
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Picture D
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8.
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Picture E
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9.
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Picture F
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10.
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Picture G
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Interactive Question 11.4 a. | a series of protein kinase relay
molecules that sequentially phosphorylate the next kinase in the pathway | b. | transfers a
phosphate group from ATP to a protein; adding a charged phosphate group causes a shape change that
usually activates the protein | c. | an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from a
protein, usually inactivating the protein. Protein phosphatases effectively shut down signaling
pathways when the initial signal is no longer present |
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11.
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Question A. What does a protein kinase do?
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12.
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Question B. What does a protein phosphatase do?
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13.
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Question C. What is a “phosphorylation cascade?”
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Interactive Question 11.5
Label the components in the following diagram
depicting the steps in a signal transduction pathway that uses cAMP as a second
messenger. a. | activated G protein (GTP bound) | b. | cAMP (second
messenger) | c. | phosphorylation cascade to cellular response | d. | G-protein coupled
receptor | e. | adenylyl cyclase | f. | protein kinase A | g. | signaling molecule
(first messenger) | h. | ATP |
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14.
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Label A
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15.
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Label B
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16.
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Label C
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17.
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Label D
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18.
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Label E
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19.
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Label F
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20.
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Label G
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21.
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Label H
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Interactive Question 11.6
Fill in the blanks to review a G
protein-coupled pathway that uses Ca2+ as a second messenger. a. | membrane
phospholipid | d. | IP3 | b. | endoplasmic reticulum | e. | signaling molecule | c. | G
protein | f. | Ca2+ |
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22.
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Blank A
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23.
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Blank B
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24.
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Blank C
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25.
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Blank D
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26.
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Blank E
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27.
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Blank F
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Interactive Question 11.7
How does each of the following inactivation
mechanisms discontinue a cell’s response to a signal and maintain the cell’s ability to
respond to freash signals? a. | Activated G proteins are inactivated when the GTPase portion of the
protein converts GTP to GDP | b. | Converts cAMP to AMP, thus damping out this
second messenger | c. | When they leave a receptor, the receptor reverts to its inactive form. The
concentration of signaling molecules influences how many are bound at one time, with a threshold
number of receptors with bound molecules required for the response to occur. | d. | Remove phosphate
groups from activated proteins. The balance of activate protein kinases and active phosphatases
regulates the activity of many proteins. |
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28.
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reversible binding of signaling molecules
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29.
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GTPase activity of G protein
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30.
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phosphodiesterase
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31.
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protein phosphatases
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