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AP Bio Ch. 22-25       Test #1

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
 

 1. 
Check the ideas Darwin used to form his Theory.
 a.
Individuals in a population vary in their heritable characteristics.
 b.
Individuals in a population hardly vary in their heritable characteristics.
 c.
Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support.
 d.
Organisms produce the ideal amount of offspring than the environment can support.
 e.
The Earth is relatively young and geological processes happen quickly.
 f.
The Earth is very old and geological processes have always occured at the same rate.
 g.
Individuals that are well suited to their environment tend to reproduce more offspring.
 h.
Individuals that are the strongest in their environment tend to reproduce more offspring.
 

 2. 
Check the ideas Darwin used to form his Theory.
 a.
Over time, favorable traits accumulate in the population governed by the environment.
 b.
Over time, traits accumulate by chance in the population governed by parental choice.
 c.
Fossils have rarely changed through time.
 d.
Fossils have changed greatly over time.
 e.
Animals and plants are uniquely adapted to their environment over time.
 f.
Living animals and plants can adapt to their environment.
 g.
If the environment changes or individuals move into a new environment, a new species could develop.
 h.
If the environment changes or individuals move into a new environment, living species will always go extinct.
 

 3. 
Check all of the ideas that support evolution.
 a.
direct observation of evolutionary change; introduced species and drug resistant bacteria
 b.
analyzing homologous structures in organisms showing common ancestry
 c.
the fossil record showing a change through time
 d.
the geographic distribution of species and Pangea
 

Completion
Complete each statement using the following word bank.
adaptations            analogous            artificial selection             biogeography        convergent evolution           endemic           homology         natural selection          pangea           population         strata           variation          vestigial
 

 4. 
Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments. ___________________
 

 

 5. 
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. ________________
 

 

 6. 
A process where humans selectively breed plants and animals to modify their traits that they desire. ________________________
 

 

 7. 
Differences between members of the same species. ___________________
 

 

 8. 
Individuals do not evolve. It is the ________________ that evolves over time.
 

 

 9. 
New sediment that covers up old sediment and compresses them into superimposed layers of rock. _______________
 

 

 10. 
Similarity of features resulting from common ancestry (but not necessarily similar function) is called ____________________.
 

 

 11. 
Remnants of features that served a function in the organism’s ancestors. ______________
 

 

 12. 
The independent evolution of similar features in different lineages. (in different places)
 

 

 13. 
Features that share a similar function but not common ancestry.____________________
 

 

 14. 
A giant land mass of all the Earth’s continents.
 

 

 15. 
__________________ is the geographic distribution of species.
 

 

 16. 
If organisms are only found in one particular location, the organisms are said to be ____________ to that area.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Scientists Shoutouts
a.
Charles Darwin
f.
Charles Lyell
b.
Aristotle
g.
James Hutton
c.
Carolus Linnaeus
h.
Erasmus Darwin
d.
Georges Cuvier
i.
Thomas Malthus
e.
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
 

 17. 

 believed in uniformitarianism in which mechanisms of change are constant over time and are still happening today
 

 18. 

 thought the species were fixed, thought organisms were perfect and permanently arranged on a scale or ladder of increasing complexity; scala naturae
 

 19. 

 believed use and disuse - the idea that used body parts become larger and stronger while nonused parts deteriorate; believed inheritance of acquired characteristics in that parents can pass on modifications to their offspring; also thought organisms have an innate drive to become more complex
 

 20. 

 proposed that life evolves as environments change
 

 21. 

 came up with the binomial system of classifying organisms; KPCOFGS
 

 22. 

 studied fossils (paleontology) located in different strata; advocated catastophism to explain why fossils changed over time
 

 23. 

 proposed that Earth’s geological features could be explained by gradual mechanisms still operating today
 

 24. 

 disease, famine, and war was an inescapable consequence of human overpopulation
 

 25. 

 came up with descent with modification by the process of natural selection
 



 
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