Ch. 2 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Interactive question 2.11
Water’s two covalent bonds with H are
spread apart at a 104.5 degree angle due to the hybridization of the
a. | 1s and 2s orbitals | c. | 1s and 3p orbitals | b. | 1s and 2p orbitals | d. | 2s and 3p
orbitals |
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2.
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Interactive question 2.12
Fill in the missing coefficients for
respiration so that all atoms are conserved in the chemical reaction.
a. | 12, 6, 1 | d. | 12, 6, 6 | b. | 1, 6, 12 | e. | 6, 6, 6 | c. | 6, 6,
12 | f. | 6, 12,
6 |
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Completion
Complete each
statement using the following word bank.
absorb
electrons loses neutrons
protons 1 2
3 4 15
16 31
CaCl
CaCl2
Ca2Cl2
Ca2Cl Ca Cl
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3.
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2.2 The difference between the mass number and the atomic number of an
atom is equal to to the number of _______________
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4.
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2.2 An atom of phosphorous 31/15P, contains
____________ protons,
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5.
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2.2 ____________ electrons,
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6.
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2.2 and _____________ neutrons.
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7.
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2.2 The atomic mass of phosphorous is approximately _________
daltons.
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8.
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2.3 To move to a shell farther from the nucleus, an electron must
___________ energy;
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9.
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2.3 an electron ___________ energy when it moves to a closer
shell.
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10.
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2.7 A. What is the valence of hydrogen?
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11.
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2.7 A. What is the valence of carbon?
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12.
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2.7 A. What is the valence of nitrogen?
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13.
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2.7. A. What is the valence of oxygen?
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14.
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2.9 A. What would the formula for this salt be?
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15.
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2.9 B. Which atom becomes the cation?
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Matching
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Interactive Question 2.1 a. | Ca | e. | Na | b. | P | f. | Cl | c. | K | g. | Mg | d. | S |
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16.
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phosphorous
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17.
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calcium
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18.
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potassium
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19.
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magnesium
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20.
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sulfer
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21.
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chlorine
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22.
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sodium
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Interactive Question 2.6 a. | electron shells | f. | protons | b. | atomic number | g. | isotopes | c. | electrons | h. | mass number or atomic mass | d. | valence shell | i. | element | e. | neutrons |
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23.
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A
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24.
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B
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25.
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C
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26.
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D
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27.
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E
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28.
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F
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29.
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G
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30.
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H
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31.
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I
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Interactive Question 2.8 a. | nonpolar bonds | b. | polar
bonds | c. | C and H have similar electronegativities and share electrons fairly equally between
them | d. | even though the N atoms have high electronegativity, the three pairs of electrons are
shared equally between the atoms because each atom has an equally strong attraction for the
electrons | e. | oxygen is more electronegative than C and has a stronger pull on the electrons even
though the C-H bonds are relatively equal | f. | N is more electronegative than H and pulls the
shared electrons in each covalent bond closer to itself |
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32.
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A - nonpolar or polar covalent bonds (A or
B)
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33.
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B - nonpolar or polar covalent bonds (A or
B)
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34.
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C - nonpolar or polar covalent bonds (A or
B)
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35.
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D - nonpolar or polar covalent bonds (A or
B)
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36.
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A -
why
(C-F)
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37.
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B -
why
(C-F)
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38.
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C -
why
(C-F)
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39.
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D -
why
(C-F)
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Structure Your Knowledge #1 a. | proton | d. | proton and
neutron | b. | neutron | e. | proton and electron | c. | electron | f. | neutron and
electron |
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40.
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this particle has a negative charge
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41.
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this particle has a positive charge
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42.
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this particle does not have a charge
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43.
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particle mass is 1 dalton
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44.
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particle mass is so small it is negligible
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45.
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this particle is found in the nucleus
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46.
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this particle is found orbiting the nucleus
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Structure Your Knowledge #2 a. | atomic number | c. | atomic
mass | b. | mass number | d. | valence |
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47.
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equal to the mass number and is measured in daltons
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48.
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equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
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49.
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an indication of the bonding capacity; is the number of unpaired electrons that
an atom has in its valence shell
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50.
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the characteristic number of protons in an atoms nucleus
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51.
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is most related to the chemical behavior of an atom
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Structure Your Knowledge #3 a. | nonpolar covalent
bonds | d. | H bonds | b. | polar covalent bonds | e. | van der Waals interactions | c. | ionic
bonds |
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52.
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this is the weakest type of continuous bond and is easily broken
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53.
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this bond is weak due to a relatively even sharing of electrons
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54.
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this weak bond last momentarily and is caused by uneven electron distribution
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55.
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this is the strongest type of bond
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56.
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this bond is the second strongest bond due to unequal sharing of electrons
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