AP Bio Ch. 6 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Resolution of a microscope refers to
a. | the distance between two separate points | b. | the sharpness or
clarity of an image | c. | the amount of magnification of an
image | d. | the depth of focus on a specimen’s surface | e. | the wavelength of
light |
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2.
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The detailed structure of a chloroplast can be seen with the best resolution by
using
a. | transmission electron microscopy | b. | scanning electron
microscopy | c. | phase-contrast light microscopy | d. | deconvolution microscopy | e. | confocal
fluorescence microscopy |
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3.
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In an animal cell fractionation procedure, one of the last pellets from the
series of centrifugations would most likely contain
a. | ribosomes | b. | perioxisomes | c. | mitochondria | d. | lysosomes | e. | nuclei |
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4.
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Which of the following is / are not found in a prokaryotic cell?
a. | ribosomes | d. | lysosomes | b. | perioxisomes | e. | nuclei | c. | mitochondria |
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5.
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The cells of an ant and an elephant are, on average, the same size; an elephant
just has more cells. What is the main advantage of small cell size?
a. | Small cells are easier to organize into tissues and organs. | b. | A small cell has a
larger plasma membrane surface area than does a large cell, facilitating the exchange of sufficient
materials with its environment | c. | The cytoskeleton of a large cell would be so
large that cells would be too heavy. | d. | Small cells require less oxygen and nutrients
than do large cells. | e. | A small cell has a larger surface area relative
to cytoplasmic volume, facilitating sufficient exchange of materials. |
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6.
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Proteins that function within the cytosol are generally synthesized
a. | by ribosomes bound to rough ER | b. | by free ribosomes | c. | by the
nucleolus | d. | within the Golgi apparatus | e. | by mitochondria and
chloroplasts |
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7.
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The pores in the nuclear envelope provide for the movement of
a. | proteins into the nucleus | b. | ribosomal subunits out of the
nucleus | c. | mRNA out of the nucleus | d. | signal molecules out of the
nucleus | e. | all of the above |
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8.
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A fluorescent green tag is attached to a protein being synthesized and inserted
into an area of rough ER membrane. Which of the following is a possible route for that protein to
follow?
a. | rough ER --> Golgi --> lysosome --> nuclear membrane --> plasma
membrane | b. | rough ER --> transport vesicle --> Golgi --> smooth ER -->
lysosome | c. | rough ER --> nuclear envelope --> Golgi --> smooth ER --> food
vacuole | d. | rough ER --> transport vesicle --> Golgi --> vesicle --> extracellular
matrix |
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9.
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A growing plant cell elongates primarily by
a. | increasing the number of vacuoles | b. | synthesizing more cytoplasm | c. | taking up water into
its central vacuole | d. | synthesizing cellulose fibrils in an
orientation perpendicular to the axis of cell elongation | e. | producing a
secondary cell wall |
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10.
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Which of the following is not a similarity among nuclei, chloroplasts, and
mitochondria.
a. | They contain DNA | b. | They are bounded by two (or more) phospholipid
bilayer membranes | c. | They can divide to reproduce
themselves | d. | They are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system | e. | Their membranes are
associated with specific proteins. |
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11.
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The contractile elements of muscle cells are
a. | intermediate filaments | b. | centrioles | c. | microtubules | d. | microfilaments | e. | fibronectins |
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12.
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Microtubules are components of all of the following except
a. | centrioles | b. | the spindle apparatus for separating
chromosomes in cell division | c. | tracks along which organelles can move using
motor proteins | d. | flagella and cilia | e. | the cleavage furrow that pinches apart cells in
animal cell division |
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13.
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Which of the following characteristics are shared by cristae of mitochondria,
thylakoids, and microvilli?
a. | have a large surface area of membrane that enhances their particular
function | b. | are bounded by a double membrane | c. | have a shape reinforced by
microfilaments | d. | are not derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system | e. | arose by
endosymbiosis of an aerobic bacterium, a photosynthetic bacterium, and a motile bacterium,
respectively |
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14.
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The innermost portion of the cell wall of a plant cell specialized for support
is the
a. | primary cell wall | b. | secondary cell wall | c. | middle
lamella | d. | plasma membrane | e. | cytoskeleton |
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15.
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Plasmodesmata in plant cells are similar in function to
a. | desmosomes | b. | tight junctions | c. | gap
junctions | d. | the extracellular matrix | e. | integrins |
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16.
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Which of the following structures is / are involved in receiving external
information and relaying it into a cell?
a. | a primary cilium | b. | fibronectins | c. | integrins | d. | microfilaments of the
cytoskeleton | e. | all of the above |
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17.
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Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its function?
a. | perioxisome - contains enzymes that break down
H2O2 | b. | nucleolus - produces ribosomal RNA, assembles
ribosome subunits | c. | Golgi apparatus - processes, tags, and ships
cellular products | d. | lysosome - food sac formed by
phagocytosis | e. | ECM - extracellular matrix) - supports and anchors cells, communicates information
with inside of cell |
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Matching
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a. | muscle cells in the thigh muscle of a runner | b. | pancreatic cells
that manufactures digestive enzymes | c. | macrophages that engulf
bacteria | d. | epithelial cells lining digestive tract | e. | ovarian cells that
produce estrogen (a steroid hormone) |
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18.
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In which cells would you expect to find the most tight junctions?
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19.
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In which cells would you expect to find the most lysosomes?
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20.
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In which cells would you expect to find the most smooth endoplasmic
reticulum?
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21.
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In which cells would you expect to find the most bound ribosomes?
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22.
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In which cells would you expect to find the most mitochondria?
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