Bio II Ch. 14 Vocabulary
Matching
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a. | mutations | f. | Alfred D. Hershey and Martha Chase | b. | store info,
replicate, undergo mutations | g. | Frederick Griffith | c. | nucleic acid | h. | Owald Avery | d. | DNA | i. | bacteriophages | e. | RNA |
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1.
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genetic material must be able to do these things
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2.
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ribonucleic acid
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3.
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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4.
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isolated the genetic material in the lab and demonstrated DNA is the
transforming substance
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5.
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a virus that attacks bacteria
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6.
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genetic variability by multiple causes
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7.
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used mice to prove transformation occurs
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8.
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an acidic substance different from protein; rich in phosphorous and no
sulfer
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9.
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used bacteriophage to prove DNA is the genetic material
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a. | purine base | h. | variability | b. | adenine | i. | Rosalind Franklin | c. | guanine | j. | James Watson and Francis Crick | d. | pyrimidine | k. | complementary base pairing | e. | thymine | l. | 140
million | f. | cytosine | m. | constancy | g. | Erwin Chargaff |
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10.
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the average number of base pairs on a human chromosome
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11.
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constructed a model of DNA using the evidence from other scientists
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12.
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a purine is always bonded to a pyramidine; A-T and C-G
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13.
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a purine base that pairs with thymine
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14.
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used x-ray diffraction to get a picture of DNA
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15.
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a base with only one ring
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16.
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a pyramidine base that pairs with guanine
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17.
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proved complementery base pairing of nitrogen bases to prove variability and
constancy of the genetic material
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18.
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a base with two rings
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19.
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different species have different percentages of base pairs
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20.
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a pyramidine base that pairs with adenine
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21.
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a purine base that pairs with cytosine
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22.
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within each species, DNA has to be relative unchanged through each
replication
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a. | semiconservative replication | h. | replication
fork | b. | DNA polymerase | i. | replication bubbles | c. | Matthew Meselson and Franklin
Stahl | j. | RNA
primer | d. | leading strand | k. | Barbara McClintock | e. | lagging strand | l. | transposons | f. | Okazaki
fragments | m. | 1 per
100,000 | g. | DNA ligase | n. | 1 per 1 billion |
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23.
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an enzyme that matches DNA base pairs together
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24.
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DNA strand that is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction
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25.
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error rate in nitrogen base sequence after proofreading has occured
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26.
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during DNA replication, an old strand is paired with a new strand
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27.
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DNA strand that is running in the 3’ to 5’ direction
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28.
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scientist working with corn that discovered the effects of transposons
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29.
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a short piece of the lagging strand that is RNA primed for DNA
polymerase
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30.
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proved semiconservative replication using heavy nitrogen isotopes
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31.
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a V shape where DNA is being replicated
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32.
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used on Okazaki fragments to help DNA polymerase synthesize new strands in the
5’ to 3’ direction with the lagging strand
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33.
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error rate during DNA replication before proofreading occurs
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34.
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bubbles that spread bidirectionally during DNA replication until they
meet
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35.
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known as a jumping gene; can cause randoom mutations in DNA
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36.
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an enzyme that joins the 3’ end of each fragment to the 5’ end of
another
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