Bio I Ch. 15 Test A
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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On the Galápagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed
a. | completely unrelated species on each of the islands. | b. | species exactly like
those found in South America. | c. | somewhat similar species with traits that
suited their particular environment. | d. | species completely unrelated to those found in
South America. |
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2.
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The species of tortoises that Darwin found on the Galápagos Islands
displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the
a. | similarity in the tortoises’ embryos. | b. | difference in shell
markings of the tortoises. | c. | variation in length of the tortoises’
necks. | d. | difference in number of eggs in each tortoise’s
nest. |
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3.
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Darwin began to formulate his concept of evolution by natural selection
after
a. | experimentation with animals. | b. | observations of many species and their
geographical locations. | c. | reading the writings of
Wallace. | d. | agreeing with Lamarck about the driving force behind
evolution. |
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4.
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One scientist who attempted to explain how rock layers form and change over time
was
a. | Thomas Malthus. | c. | Charles Darwin. | b. | James Hutton. | d. | Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck. |
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5.
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Lamarck proposed that organisms
a. | have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection. | b. | have an innate
tendency to become more simple as time passes. | c. | inherit all of the adaptations they
display. | d. | belong to species that never change. |
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6.
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Lamarck’s theory of evolution includes the concept that new organs in a
species appear as a result of
a. | continual increases in population size. | b. | the actions of
organisms as they use or fail to use body structures. | c. | an unchanging local
environment. | d. | the natural variations already present within the population of
organisms. |
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7.
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The idea that only famine, disease, and war could prevent the endless growth of
human populations was presented by
a. | Darwin. | c. | Malthus. | b. | Lamarck. | d. | Lyell. |
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8.
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When Darwin returned from the voyage of the Beagle, he
a. | immediately published his ideas about evolution. | b. | realized his ideas
about evolution were wrong. | c. | wrote about his ideas but waited many years to
publish them. | d. | copied the evolutionary theory of Wallace. |
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9.
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When lions prey on a herd of antelope, some antelope are killed and some escape.
Which part of Darwin’s concept of natural selection might be used to describe this
situation?
a. | acquired characteristics | c. | survival of the
fittest | b. | reproductive isolation | d. | descent with modification |
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10.
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According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that
tend to survive are those that have
a. | characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse. | b. | characteristics that
plant and animal breeders value. | c. | the greatest number of
offspring. | d. | variations best suited to the environment. |
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11.
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Darwin’s concept of evolution was NOT influenced by
a. | the work of Lyell. | b. | knowledge of the structure of
DNA. | c. | his collection of specimens. | d. | his trip on the H.M.S.
Beagle. |
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12.
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The number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those
in living vertebrates. Most biologists would probably explain this fact on the basis of
a. | the needs of the organisms. | c. | the struggle for
existence. | b. | a common ancestor. | d. | the inheritance of acquired traits. |
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13.
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Darwin viewed the fossil record as
a. | evidence that Earth was thousands of years old. | b. | a record of
evolution. | c. | interesting but unrelated to the evolution of modern species. | d. | evidence that traits
are acquired through use or disuse. |
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14.
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Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on the idea(s) of
a. | natural variation and natural selection. | b. | use and
disuse. | c. | a tendency toward perfect, unchanging species. | d. | the transmission of
acquired characteristics. |
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15.
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Which concept is NOT included in the modern theory of evolution?
a. | descent with modification | b. | natural selection | c. | transmission of
acquired characteristics | d. | competition among the members of a
population |
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