Bio I Ch. 15 Test B
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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During the voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations
a. | in England. | c. | on the Galápagos Islands. | b. | in North
America. | d. | in
Asia. |
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2.
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James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s work suggested that
a. | Earth is many millions of years old. | b. | Earth is several thousand years
old. | c. | all fossils were formed in the last one thousand years. | d. | all rocks on Earth
contain fossils. |
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3.
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In the 1800s, Charles Lyell emphasized that
a. | the human population would outgrow the available food supply. | b. | all populations
evolve through natural selection. | c. | Earth is a few thousand years
old. | d. | past geological events must be explained in terms of processes observable
today. |
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4.
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What did Darwin learn from reading the work of Hutton and Lyell?
a. | Earth is relatively young. | b. | Earth is very old. | c. | All geological
change is caused by living organisms. | d. | The processes that formed old rocks on Earth do
not operate today. |
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5.
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In 1859, Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work
entitled
a. | Principles of Geology. | b. | Essay on the Principle of
Population. | c. | Evolution in Malaysia. | d. | On the Origin of
Species. |
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6.
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Darwin was prompted to publish his theory of evolution by
a. | an essay by Wallace on evolution. | b. | the publication of Lamarck’s theory of
evolution. | c. | the captain of the Beagle. | d. | the work of Hutton and
Lyell. |
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7.
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When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved
is
a. | natural selection. | c. | artificial variation. | b. | artificial
selection. | d. | survival of the
fittest. |
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8.
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An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be
a. | physical or behavioral. | b. | physical or geographical. | c. | acquired during the
organism’s lifetime. | d. | the result of artificial
selection. |
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9.
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Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its
environment
a. | diversity. | c. | adaptation. | b. | fitness. | d. | evolution. |
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10.
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In humans, the pelvis and the femur, or thighbone, are involved in walking. In
whales, the pelvis and femur shown in 
Figure 15–2
a. | examples of fossils. | c. | acquired traits. | b. | vestigial structures. | d. | examples of natural
variation. |
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11.
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People of Darwin’s time understood that fossils
a. | were preserved remains of ancient organisms. | b. | were available for
every organism that ever lived. | c. | were unrelated to living
species. | d. | were evidence for the evolution of life on Earth. |
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12.
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The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that
a. | people die faster than babies are born. | b. | there would soon be
insufficient food for the growing human population. | c. | in the 1700s, England needed more
housing. | d. | the majority of a species’ offspring die. |
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13.
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Darwin’s theory of evolution suggests that
a. | species change over time. | b. | extinct species are not related to living
species. | c. | different species can interbreed. | d. | animals that look alike are the most closely
related. |
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14.
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Which statement is in agreement with Darwin’s theory of evolution?
a. | More offspring are produced than can possibly survive. | b. | The organisms that
are the fittest are always the largest and strongest. | c. | The number of offspring is not related to
fitness. | d. | Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of
evolution. |
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15.
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The hypothesis that species change over time by natural selection was proposed
by
a. | Hutton. | c. | Malthus. | b. | Lamarck. | d. | Darwin. |
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