Bio II Ch. 3 Vocabulary
Matching
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3.1 a. | organic molecules | e. | monomer | b. | hydrophilic | f. | polymer | c. | hydrophobic | g. | condensation | d. | isomers | h. | hydrolysis |
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1.
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molecules with the same molecular formula but are different structurally
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2.
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not attracted to water
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3.
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polymers are broken down by adding water
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4.
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a single unit of a macromolecule
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5.
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when two monomers join and water is removed, called dehydration
synthesis
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6.
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the bonding of H, O, N, and other atoms to C; carbon to carbon bonds
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7.
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the whole macromolecule made up of individual subunits
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8.
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attracted to water
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3.2 a. | carbohydrates | h. | lactose | b. | monosaccharides | i. | maltose | c. | glucose | j. | sucrose | d. | ribose | k. | glycogen | e. | deoxyribose | l. | starch | f. | disaccharide | m. | cellulose | g. | fructose | n. | chitin |
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9.
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a disaccharide containing 2 glucose molecules
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10.
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a class of compounds called sugars and polysaccharides
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11.
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a disaccharide containing a glucose and fructose
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12.
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polymer of glucose with an amino group attached to it; makes
exoskeleton
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13.
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simple sugars with 3 to 7 C atoms
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14.
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contains 2 monosaccharides; a double sugar
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15.
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a main chain of glucose with many side branches; known as animal starch
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16.
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best known sugar, found in blood of animals
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17.
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compact spirals of polymers of glucose; straight and fibrous, structure
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18.
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fruit sugar; commonly found in fruit
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19.
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a main chain of glucose with few side branches; plants store food in this
form
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20.
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5 carbon sugar found in ribonucleic acid
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21.
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disaccharide that contains galactose and glucose
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22.
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5 carbon sugar found in deoxyribose nucleic acid
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3.3 a. | lipids | g. | glycerol | b. | fats | h. | triglyceride | c. | oils | i. | waxes | d. | fatty
acids | j. | phospholipids | e. | saturated fat | k. | steroids | f. | unsaturated
fat |
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23.
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contains glycerol and fatty acids; solid at room temperature
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24.
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a fat with no double bonds between the carbon atoms in the fatty acid carbon
chain
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25.
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a compound with 3 hydroxyl groups; soluble in water
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26.
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have a backbone of four fused carbon rings
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27.
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variety of organic compounds that lack polar groups and are insoluable in water
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28.
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a glycerol head, 2 fatty acid tails, and a phosphate group; form cell
membrane
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29.
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long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl (acid) group at one end
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30.
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a long chain fatty acid with a long chain alcohol; hydrophobic
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31.
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a fat with double carbon bonds in the fatty acid carbon chain
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32.
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contains glycerol and fatty acids; liquid at room temperature
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33.
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a glycerol head with 3 fatty acid tails
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3.4 a. | proteins | g. | denatured | b. | amino
acids | h. | primary
structure | c. | enzymes | i. | secondary structure | d. | peptide bonds | j. | tertiary structure | e. | peptide | k. | quaternary structure | f. | polypeptide |
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34.
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a covalent bond between 2 amino acids
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35.
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a chain of many amino acids joined by peptide bonds
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36.
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2 or more amino acids joined together
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37.
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organic catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
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38.
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when amino acids bond to form an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
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39.
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when a protein loses its normal configuration
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40.
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when a chain of amino acids exhibits various types of bonding with their R
groups
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41.
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monomers that condense to form proteins
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42.
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made up of more than on polypeptide with their unique tertiary shapes
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43.
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a straight chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
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44.
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very large molecules with structural and metabolic functions
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3.5 a. | nucleotide | e. | complementary base
pairing | b. | nucleic acids | f. | ATP | c. | DNA | g. | ADP | d. | RNA |
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45.
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a molecular complex of a pentose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen
base
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46.
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adenine always pairs with thymine; cytosine always pairs with
guanine
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47.
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adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphates; adenosine triphosphate
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48.
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deoxyribonucleic acid; stores genetic information
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49.
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adenine, ribose, and 2 phosphates; adenosine diphosphate
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50.
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ribonucleic acid; conveys information
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51.
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a huge polymer of nucleotides
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