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Bio II Ch. 14 Groupwork Assignment

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 
In vitro means inside living organisms.
 

 2. 
All living things are made up of different combinations of A, T, C, and G.
 

 3. 
DNA replication in prokaryotes can be bidirectional.
 

 4. 
DNA replication in prokaryotes can be unidirectional.
 

 5. 
DNA replication in eukaryotes can occur in multiple spots along the chromosomes.
 

 6. 
DNA replication in eukaryotes cannot be bidirectional.
 

 7. 
Jumping genes can interrupt the expression of a gene.
 

 8. 
A transposon can cause localized mutations.
 

 9. 
A transposon will help bacteria become drug resistant.
 

 10. 
Continuous replication takes more time than discontinuous replication.
 

 11. 
DNA cannot be replicated unless it is primed first.
 

 12. 
Eukaryotes replicate their DNA at a faster rate than prokaryotes.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 13. 
Which is not one of the three ideas scientists knew the genetic material had to exhibit?
a.
has to store information
c.
has to be able to undergo rare changes
b.
has to be able to replicate
d.
has to create energy
 

 14. 
Which scientist(s) performed the experiment to prove bacteria can be transformed using E. coli?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
James Watson and Francis Crick
b.
Frederick Griffith
f.
Rosalind Franklin
c.
Barbara McClintock
g.
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
d.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
h.
Oswald Avery
 

 15. 
What did the R strain stand for in the mice experiment?
a.
retrovirus
e.
round
b.
relevant
f.
rough
c.
reference
g.
random
d.
rigid
h.
reverse
 

 16. 
What did the S strand stand for in the mice experiment?
a.
stained
e.
smooth
b.
super
f.
subclass
c.
small
g.
salient
d.
silent
h.
six
 

 17. 
Which scientist(s) proved DNA was the genetic material using bacteriophage?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
James Watson and Francis Crick
b.
Frederick Griffith
f.
Rosalind Franklin
c.
Barbara McClintock
g.
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
d.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
h.
Oswald Avery
 

 18. 
How did scientists mark the bacteriophage DNA?
a.
32 Sulfer
e.
35 Sulfer
b.
32 E. coli
f.
35 E. coli
c.
32 Phosphorous
g.
35 Phosphorous
d.
32 Bacteriophage
h.
35 Bacteriophage
 

 19. 
How did scientists mark the bacteriophage protein coats?
a.
32 Sulfer
e.
35 Sulfer
b.
32 E. coli
f.
35 E. Coli
c.
32 Phosphorous
g.
35 Phosphorous
d.
32 Bacteriophage
h.
35 Bacteriophage
 

 20. 
Which is not found in a nucleotide?
a.
sugar
c.
phosphate
b.
nitrogen base
d.
fatty acid
 

 21. 
Which is not a nitrogen base in DNA?
a.
adenine
d.
thymine
b.
cytosine
e.
uracil
c.
guanine
 

 22. 
Which have a double ring on their nitrogen bases?
a.
purines
b.
pyramidines
 

 23. 
Which scientist(s) used an x-ray to get a picture of DNA?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
Rosalind Franklin
b.
Barabara McClintock
f.
Frederick Griffith
c.
Alfred Hershey and Marth Chase
g.
Oswald Avery
d.
James Watson and Francis Crick
h.
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
 

 24. 
Which two scientists came up with the DNA model?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
Rosalind Franklin
b.
Barbara McClintock
f.
Frederick Griffith
c.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
g.
Oswald Avery
d.
James Watson and Francis Crick
h.
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
 

 25. 
What is it called when DNA makes a copy of itself?
a.
DNA replication
c.
DNA transformation
b.
DNA regeneration
d.
DNA diffraction
 

 26. 
Does DNA replication occur before or after a cell divides.
a.
before
b.
after
 

 27. 
Which scientist(s) proved DNA replication is semiconservative?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
b.
Oswald Avery
f.
James Watson and Francis Crick
c.
Rosalind Franklin
g.
Barabara McClintock
d.
Frederick Griffith
h.
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
 

 28. 
What is heavy DNA?
a.
DNA made with two strands of 14N
b.
DNA made with a strand of 14N and a strand of 15N
c.
DNA made with two strands of 15N
d.
DNA made with a phosphate group at one end
e.
DNA made with a hydroxyl group at one end
f.
DNA made with two leading strands together
g.
DNA made with two lagging strands together
h.
DNA made with a leading and lagging strand together
 

 29. 
What is hybrid DNA?
a.
DNA made with two strands of 14N
b.
DNA made with a strand of 14N and a strand of 15N
c.
DNA made with two strands of 15N
d.
DNA made with a phosphate group at one end
e.
DNA made with a hydroxyl group at one end
f.
DNA made with two leading strands together
g.
DNA made with two lagging strands together
h.
DNA made with a leading and lagging strand together
 

 30. 
What is light DNA?
a.
DNA made with two strands of 14N
b.
DNA made with a strand of 14N and a strand of 15N
c.
DNA made with two strands of 15N
d.
DNA made with a phosphate group at one end
e.
DNA made with a hydroxyl group at one end
f.
DNA made with two leading strands together
g.
DNA made with two lagging strands together
h.
DNA made with a leading and lagging strand together
 

 31. 
Which scientist(s) studied jumping genes on corn?
a.
Erwin Chargaff
e.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
b.
Oswald Avery
f.
James Watson and Francis Crick
c.
Rosalind Franklin
g.
Barbara McClintock
d.
Frederick Griffith
h.
Matthew Meselson and Franlin Stahl
 

 32. 
Which organism was studied to learn about jumping genes?
a.
E. coli
e.
dogs
b.
chimpanzees
f.
mice
c.
roundworms
g.
flies
d.
corn
h.
peas
 

 33. 
How can I tell the 5’ end from the 3’ end on a DNA molecule?
a.
the 3’ end has a phosphate group attached to it
b.
the 3’ end has a Okazaki fragment attached to it
c.
the 3’ end has a fatty acid attached to it
d.
the 3’ end has an amino group attached to it
e.
the 5’ end has an Okazaki fragment attached to it
f.
the 5’ end has a phosphate group attached to it
g.
the 5’ end has a fatty acid attached to it
h.
the 5’ end has a hydroxyl group attached to it
 

 34. 
What is laid down before the fragments on the lagging strand?
a.
poly A tail
e.
guanine cap
b.
ATP molecule
f.
enhancer
c.
inducer
g.
promoter
d.
ADP molecule
h.
primer
 

 35. 
Which enzyme joins the DNA molecule together?
a.
helicase
e.
single strand binding proteins
b.
ligase
f.
topoisomerase
c.
DNA polymerase
g.
primase
d.
RNA polymerase
h.
telomerase
 

 36. 
How many nitrogen bases will code for an amino acid?
a.
1
e.
5
b.
2
f.
6
c.
3
g.
7
d.
4
h.
8
 

 37. 
Which enzyme is the proof reader for matching nucleotides?
a.
helicase
e.
single strand binding proteins
b.
ligase
f.
topoisomerase
c.
DNA polymerase
g.
primase
d.
RNA polymerase
h.
telomerase
 

 38. 
A human chromosome, on average, contains roughly __________ base pairs. Hint: diploid DNA contains 6 billion base pairs!
a.
13-14
e.
130,000-140,000
b.
130-140
f.
1,300,000-1,400,000
c.
1,300-1,400
g.
13,000,000-14,000,000
d.
13,000-14,000
h.
130,000,000-140,000,000
 

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
 

 39. 
Which two organisms did Griffith use to prove transformation occurs?
 a.
corn
 e.
mice
 b.
round worms
 f.
dogs
 c.
peas
 g.
flies
 d.
chimpanzees
 h.
pneumonia
 

 40. 
Which nitrogen bases are pyramidines?
 a.
adenine
 d.
uracil
 b.
cytosine
 e.
thymine
 c.
guanine
 

 41. 
Which nitrogen bases are purines?
 a.
adenine
 d.
uracil
 b.
thymine
 e.
guanine
 c.
cytosine
 

 42. 
What are Erwin Chargaffs two rules?
 a.
in each species, the amount of A = T and the amount of of G = C
 b.
one strain of DNA can transform another strain of DNA
 c.
DNA replication is semiconservative
 d.
the amount of A, T, G, and C in DNA varies from species to species
 e.
transposons can cause localized mutations
 f.
the lagging DNA strand has to be primed before DNA polymerase will recognize it
 g.
the genetic material must undergo mutations
 h.
the genetic material must be able to store information
 

 43. 
What is complementary base pairing?
 a.
when a purine pairs with a pyramidine in GT and AC
 b.
when purines pair and pyramidines pair in AG and TC
 c.
when a purine pairs with a pyramidine in UA and CG
 d.
when a purine pairs with a pyramidine in  AT and GC
 e.
when a purine pairs with a pyramidine in GU and AC
 f.
When purines pair and pyramidines pair in AG and UC
 

Completion
Complete each statement using the following word bank. Some may be used more than once.
20       40       100       100,000       1,000,000,000       antiparallel       bacteriophage       bubbles       constancy       DNA polymerase       forks       fission       helicase       isotopes       lagging       leading       ligase       mutation       Okazaki       phosphate       semiconservative replication       transposon       variability       X-ray diffraction
 

 44. 
A virus that invades a bacterial cell is called a ______________________.
 

 

 45. 
DNA does have the ____________________ between species required of the genetic material.
 

 

 46. 
DNA has the __________________ required of the genetic material within each species.
 

 

 47. 
The method used to get the picture of DNA is called __________________.
 

 

 48. 
Because one of the new daughter strands has an old strand, DNA replication is termed ____________________________.
 

 

 49. 
The enzyme ____________________ unwinds the DNA molecule at the replication forks.
 

 

 50. 
The enzyme ___________________ zips the strands back together.
 

 

 51. 
The enzyme ___________________ links the proper nitrogen bases.
 

 

 52. 
DNA strands lie _______________________ to one another.
 

 

 53. 
A replication error is called a ___________________.
 

 

 54. 
Original replication errors happen once per _______________ base pairs.
 

 

 55. 
A proof reader will catch most mistakes and lesson the error rate to one per ____________________ base pairs.
 

 

 56. 
Bacterial cells can replicate their DNA at a rate of _____ base pairs per minute.
 

 

 57. 
Bacterial cells can complete a new chromosome in about ______ minutes.
 

 

 58. 
Bacterial cells can divide about every _________ minutes.
 

 

 59. 
The splitting of bacterial cells is called _____________________.
 

 

 60. 
The sites of DNA replication in eukaryotes are called replication _____________.
 

 

 61. 
The DNA strand built in a 5’ to 3’ direction is called the _______________ strand.
 

 

 62. 
The DNA strand built in a 3’ to 5’ direction is called the ________________ strand.
 

 

 63. 
A jumping gene is called a _____________________.
 

 

 64. 
A human gene can contain over ___________ million base pairs.
 

 

 65. 
Places where the DNA strands are separating are called replication ___________________.
 

 

 66. 
At the end of the DNA strand where they are seperated during replication, there a v shapes called replication ___________________.
 

 

 67. 
The name of the fragment used in discontinuous replication on the lagging strand is called an _________________ fragment.
 

 

 68. 
The 5’ end has a ____________________group attached to it.
 

 

 69. 
15N, 32P, or 35S are called radioactive __________________.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Transformation Experiment
a.
lives
b.
dies
 

 70. 

 Mouse is given S strain.
 

 71. 

 Mouse is given R strain.
 

 72. 

 Mouse is given heat killed S strain.
 

 73. 

 Mouse is given heat killed S strain and live R strain.
 
 
Match the enzyme to their function
a.
protease
e.
ligase
b.
RNase
f.
DNA polymerase
c.
DNase
g.
RNA polymerase
d.
helicase
 

 74. 

 breaks down proteins
 

 75. 

 matches DNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides A-T and C-G together
 

 76. 

 breaks down RNA
 

 77. 

 matches RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides; A-U and C-G together
 

 78. 

 splits apart the DNA double helix
 

 79. 

 breaks down DNA
 

 80. 

 zips the growing DNA strand together
 



 
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