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Ch. 19 Test B

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
The microorganisms called prokaryotes are
a.
bacteria and viruses.
b.
single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.
c.
heterotrophs that contain no DNA.
d.
single-celled organisms that form protein clumps.
 

 2. 
Which group of prokaryotes do scientists think may be ancestors of eukaryotes?
a.
monera
c.
archaebacteria
b.
eubacteria
d.
peptidoglycans
 

 3. 
Which of the following are used to identify prokaryotes?
a.
cell shape
c.
the way prokaryotes obtain energy
b.
the way prokaryotes move
d.
all of the above
 

 4. 
A method called Gram staining is used to tell
a.
what shape a prokaryote has.
b.
how a prokaryote obtains energy.
c.
what kind of cell wall a prokaryote has.
d.
whether a prokaryote has flagella.
 

 5. 
Two groups of prokaryotes that make their own food from inorganic molecules are
a.
heterotrophs and autotrophs.
b.
obligate aerobes and obligate anaerobes.
c.
photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs.
d.
chemoheterotrophs and photoheterotrophs.
 

 6. 
Binary fission occurs when a bacterium
a.
exchanges genetic information with another cell.
b.
forms an endospore to survive harsh conditions.
c.
forms a hollow bridge to another bacterial cell.
d.
replicates its DNA and divides in half.
 

 7. 
Bacteria that break down the nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances that are taken up by plant roots are called
a.
endospores.
c.
photoautotrophs.
b.
flagella.
d.
decomposers.
 

 8. 
A typical virus is composed of a
a.
cell wall made of peptidoglycan.
b.
core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.
c.
bacteriophage inside a lytic infection.
d.
core of protein surrounded by a coat of DNA.
 

 9. 
What are viruses that infect bacteria called?
a.
archaebacteria
c.
nitrogen fixers
b.
facultative anaerobes
d.
bacteriophages
 

 10. 
Viruses that contain RNA as their genetic information are
a.
bacteriophages.
c.
prophages.
b.
retroviruses.
d.
endospores.
 

 11. 
Antibiotics are compounds that can
a.
disrupt a virus’s normal equilibrium.
b.
prompt the body to produce immunity.
c.
block the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
d.
control a viral infection.
 

 12. 
Which of the following is a disease caused by a virus?
a.
AIDS
c.
tooth decay
b.
strep throat
d.
tetanus
 

 13. 
If you wash your hands properly, ordinary soaps do a good job of removing
a.
bacteria.
c.
viroids.
b.
viruses.
d.
prions.
 

 14. 
Viruses have more difficulty entering plant cells than animal cells because
a.
plant cells have tough cell walls.
b.
nitrogen fixation harms plant cells.
c.
animal cells have no cell membranes.
d.
viroids only infect animals.
 

 15. 
A prion is a viruslike particle that contains only
a.
DNA.
c.
RNA.
b.
endospores.
d.
protein.
 

Completion
Complete each statement using the following terms:

capsid     viroids     conjugation     nitrogen fixation     vaccine
 

 16. 
During ____________________, a hollow bridge forms between two bacterial cells, and genes move from one cell to another.
 

 

 17. 
The process of converting nitrogen into a form plants can use is called _________________________.
 

 

 18. 
A virus’s protein coat is called a(an) ____________________.
 

 

 19. 
A(an) ____________________ is a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens.
 

 

 20. 
Single-stranded RNA molecules that have no surrounding capsids and infect plants are called ____________________.
 

 



 
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