Bio II Ch. 8 Vocabulary
Matching
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8.1 Vocabulary a. | cellular respiration | f. | transition
reaction | b. | aerobic respiration | g. | Krebs cycle | c. | NAD+ | h. | electron transport system | d. | FAD | i. | pyruvate | e. | glycolysis |
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1.
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a coenzyme that accepts two electrons and one H+
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2.
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the complete breakdown of glucose to CO2 and water in the presence
of oxygen
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3.
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a series of carriers that accept the eletrons removed from glucose and pass
them along from carrier to carrier, making ATP, until O receives them.
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4.
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pyruvate is oxidized to an acetyl group and CO2 is removed
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5.
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pivotal metabolite in cellular respiration; depends on the presence of
oxygen
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6.
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various metabolic pathways which breakdown carbohydrates and other metabolites
with the concomitant
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7.
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a cyclical series of oxidation reactions that release CO2 and
produce ATP
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8.
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the breakdown of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate
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9.
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a coenzyme that accepts two electrons and two H+
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8.2 Vocabulary a. | substrate-level
phosphorylation | h. | 1, 3 bisphosphoglycerate | b. | energy investment step | i. | 3 phosphoglycerate | c. | energy harvesting
step | j. | phosphoenolpyruvate | d. | glucose | k. | glucose 6 phosphate | e. | pyruvate | l. | fructose 6 phosphate | f. | fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate | m. | net gain of two ATP | g. | glyceraldehyde 3
phosphate |
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10.
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a three carbon molecule formed from the splitting of fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate
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11.
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when a phosphate is enzymatically transferred from a substrate to ADP
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12.
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formed from the removal of a phosphate group to ADP from PGAP
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13.
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produces four ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation
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14.
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fructose with the addition of two phosphates at each end of molecule
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15.
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molecule formed from the addition of a phosphate to PGAL
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16.
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requires the use of two ATP to get the reaction started
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17.
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formed by the removal of water from a PGA molecule
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18.
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molecules at the end of glycolysis
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19.
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formed when glucose 6 phosphate rearranges
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20.
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formed when a phosphate is added to a glucose molecule
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21.
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two ATP spent and four ATP produced
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22.
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molecule at the beginning of glycolysis
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8.3 Vocabulary a. | mitochondrion | e. | cristae | b. | acetyl-CoA | f. | NADH dehydrogenase complex | c. | citric acid
cycle | g. | cytochrome b-c
complex | d. | oxidative phosphorylation | h. | cytochrome oxidase complex |
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23.
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pyruvate is converted to this; a two-carbon acetyl group attached to coenzyme
A
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24.
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inner membrane folds of the mitochondrion where the electron trnasport system
is located
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25.
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organelle where cellular respiration takes place; has a double membrane with an
inner membrane space
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26.
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the production of ATP due to electron transport system passing
electrons
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27.
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receives electrons and pumps H+ ions into the intermembrane space, located in
the middle of the transport system
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28.
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another name for the Krebs cycle because citrate is formed
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29.
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receive electrons and pumps H+ into the intermembrane space; passes electrons
to oxygen
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30.
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pumps H+ from the matrix to inner membrane space; carries out oxidation of NADH
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8.4 Vocabulary a. | catabolism | c. | metabolic
pool | b. | anabolism | d. | essential amino acids |
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31.
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one type of molecule can be converted into another type of molecule through
biosynthesis
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32.
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amino acids that cannot be synthesized and must be supplied by the diet
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33.
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the building up of molecules
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34.
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the breaking down of molecules
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8.5 Vocabulary a. | fermentation | d. | oxygen
debt | b. | lactate | e. | anaerobic respiration | c. | alcohol |
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35.
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a substance produced through fermentation by yeast cells
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36.
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glycolysis followed by the reduction of pyruvate by NADH to either alcohol and
CO2 or lactate
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37.
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amount of oxygen needed to restore ATP to its former level and rid the body of
lactate
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38.
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the production of ATP using a substance other than oxygen as the electron
acceptor
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39.
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a substance produced through fermentation by animal cells and some
bacteria
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