Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 24 Digestive Mastery Learning Test in Worksheets
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food that is
consumed?
a. | mucosa | b. | muscularis | c. | serosa | d. | submucosa |
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2.
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The intramural plexus is found in the
a. | submucosa | b. | muscularis | c. | serosa | d. | a and b | e. | all of the
above |
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3.
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The tongue
a. | holds food in place during mastication | b. | is involved in swallowing | c. | helps to form words
during speech | d. | all of the above |
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4.
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Dentin
a. | forms the surface of the crown of teeth | b. | holds the teeth to
the peridontal ligaments | c. | is found in the pulp cavity | d. | makes up most of the
structure of teeth | e. | is harder than
enamel |
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5.
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The number of premolar, deciduous teeth is
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6.
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Which of these glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity?
a. | submandibular glands | b. | sublingual glands | c. | parotid
glands | d. | all of the above |
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7.
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The stomach
a. | has large folds in the submucosa and mucosa called rugae | b. | has two layers of
smooth muscle in the muscularis layer | c. | opening from the esophagus is the pyloric
opening | d. | all of the above |
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8.
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Which of these stomach cell types is NOT correctly matched with its
function?
a. | surface mucous cells: produce mucus | b. | parietal cells: produce hydrochloric
acid | c. | chief cells: produce intrinsic factor | d. | endocrine cells: produce regulatory
hormones |
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9.
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Which of these structures function to increase the mucosal surface of the small
intestine?
a. | plicae circulares | b. | villi | c. | microvilli | d. | the length of the small
intestine | e. | all of the above |
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10.
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Given these parts of the small intestine:
1. duodenum
2. ileum
3.
jejunum
Choose the arrangement that lists the parts in the order food encounters them as the
food passes from the stomach through the small intestine.
a. | 1, 2, 3 | b. | 1, 3, 2 | c. | 2, 1,
3 | d. | 2, 3, 1 |
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11.
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Which structures release digestive enzymes in the small intestine?
a. | duodenal glands | b. | goblet cells | c. | endocrine
cells | d. | absorptive cells |
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12.
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The hepatic sinusoids
a. | receive blood from the hepatic artery | b. | receive blood from the hepatic portal
vein | c. | empty into the central veins | d. | all of the
above |
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13.
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Given these ducts:
1. common bile duct
2. common hepatic duct
3. cystic
duct
4. hepatic ducts
Choose the arrangement that lists the ducts in the order bile passes
through them when moving from the bile canaliculi of the liver to the small intestine.
a. | 3, 4, 2 | b. | 3, 2, 1 | c. | 4, 2,
1 | d. | 4, 1, 2 |
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14.
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Given these structures:
1. ascending colon
2. descending colon
3.
sigmoid colon
4. transverse colon
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the
order food encounters them as food passes from the small intestine to the rectum.
a. | 1, 2, 3, 4 | b. | 1, 4, 2, 3 | c. | 2, 3, 1,
4 | d. | 2, 4, 1, 3 |
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15.
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Given these structures:
1. coronary ligament
2. greater omentum
3.
lesser omentum
4. transverse mesocolon
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in
the order they are encountered as one moves along the mesenteries from the diaphragm to the
postertior abdominal wall.
a. | 1, 2, 3, 4 | b. | 1, 3, 2, 4 | c. | 2, 3, 4,
1 | d. | 3, 2, 4, 1 |
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16.
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A local reflex
a. | involves the spinal cord | b. | occurs in the intramural
plexus | c. | causes mesenteries to contract | d. | is the relaxation of smooth muscle when it is
suddenly stretched |
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17.
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The portion of the digestive tract in which digestion begins is the
a. | oral cavity | b. | esophagus | c. | stomach | d. | duodenum | e. | jejunum |
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18.
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During swallowing,
a. | movement of food results primarily from gravity | b. | the swallowing
center in the medulla oblongata is activated | c. | food is pushed into the oropharynx during the
pharyngeal phase | d. | the soft palate closes off the opening to the larynx |
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19.
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HCl
a. | is an enzyme | b. | creates the acid condition necessary for pepsin
to work | c. | is secreted by the small intestine | d. | all of the
above |
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20.
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Why doesn’t the stomach digest itself?
a. | The stomach wall is not composed of protein, so there are no digestive enzymes to
attack it. | b. | The digestive enzymes in the stomach are not efficient enough. | c. | The lining of the
stomach is too tough to be attacked by digestive enzymes. | d. | The stomach wall is
protected by large amounts of mucus. |
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21.
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Which of these hormones stimulate stomach secretions?
a. | cholecystokinin | b. | gastric inhibitory peptide | c. | gastrin | d. | secretin |
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22.
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Which of these phases of stomach secretion is correctly matched?
a. | cephalic phase: the largest volume of secretion is produced | b. | gastric phase:
gastrin secretion is inhibited by distension of the stomach | c. | gastric phase:
initiated by chewing, swallowing, or thinking of food | d. | intestinal phase: stomach secretions are first
stimulated, then inhibited |
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23.
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Which of these statements accurately reflects the role that the stomach
plays?
a. | It recieves relatively large amounts of materials during short periods of time and
slowly releases them over a longer time. | b. | It is the primary organ of
digestion. | c. | It performs no function other than storage. | d. | It is the primary
site of fat digestion. |
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24.
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The function of peristaltic waves in the stomach is to
a. | move chyme into the small intestine | b. | increase the secretion of
HCl | c. | empty the haustra | d. | all of the
above |
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25.
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Which of these might occur if a person suffers from a severe case of hepatitis
that impairs liver function?
a. | Fat digestion is hampered. | b. | By-products of hemoglobin break-down accumulate
in the blood | c. | Plasma proteins decrease in concentration. | d. | b and
c | e. | all of the above |
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26.
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The gallbladder
a. | produces bile | b. | stoes bile | c. | contracts and
releases bile in response to secretin | d. | contracts and releases bile in response to
sympathetic stimulation |
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27.
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The aqueous component of pancreatic secretions
a. | is secreted by the pancreatic islets | b. | contains bicarbonate ions | c. | is released
primarily in response to cholecystokinin | d. | all of the
above |
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28.
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Which of these statements is consistent with inflammation of the pancreas
(pancreatitis)?
a. | Abdominal pain is enhanced because of the escape of activated digestive enzymes from
the pancreas into surrounding tissues. | b. | Release of digestive enzymes into the duodenum
is reduced, resulting in disturbed digestion, nausea, and vomiting. | c. | Production of
hepatic enzymes compensates for the reduction in pancreatic enzyme production. | d. | Pancreatic enzymes
accumulate in the gallbladder until the inflammation subsides. | e. | a and
b |
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29.
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Which of these is a function of the large intestine?
a. | storage of wastes | b. | absorption of certain
vitamins | c. | absorption of water and salts | d. | production of mucus | e. | all of the
above |
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30.
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Defecation
a. | can be initiated by stretch of the rectum | b. | can occur as a
result of mass movements | c. | involves local reflexes | d. | involves
parasympathetic reflexes mediated by the spinal cord | e. | all of the
above |
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31.
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The enzyme responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates is produced by
the
a. | salivary glands | b. | pancreas | c. | lining of the small
intestine | d. | a and b | e. | all of the
above |
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32.
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Bile
a. | is an important enzyme for the digestion of fats | b. | is made by the
gallbladder | c. | contains breakdown products from hemoglobin | d. | emulsifies
fats | e. | c and d |
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33.
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Micelles are
a. | lipids surrounded by bile salts | b. | produced by the pancreas | c. | released into
lacteals | d. | all of the above |
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34.
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If the thoracic duct were tied off, which of these classes of nutrients would
NOT enter the circulatory system at their normal rate?
a. | amino acids | b. | glucose | c. | lipids | d. | fructose |
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35.
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Which of these lipoprotein molecules transports excess lipids from cells back to
the liver?
a. | High density lipoprotein (HDL) | b. | Low density lipoprotein
(LDL) | c. | Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) |
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